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Hermes | Ἕρμης | Mercurius

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Hermes | Ἕρμης | Mercurius Empty Hermes | Ἕρμης | Mercurius

Post  Achrelus Wed Mar 20, 2013 7:30 pm

Hermes is the Wing-Shoed messenger of Olympus. He watches over travelers, merchants, thieves and things of the nature. As a god of travelers He is a god of boundries as well.
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Hermes | Ἕρμης | Mercurius Empty Orphic Perspective: Ἔρμης

Post  Erodius Wed Jul 31, 2013 10:11 pm

10. Ærmis (Hermes; Gr. Ἑρμῆς, ΕΡΜΗΣ. Pronounced: AYR'-mees, rolling the r slightly.) [Roman: Mercurius, Anglicized as Mercury. Etruscan: Turms, Turmś]

Being one of the Dodecatheon (= The Twelve Olympian Gods; Gr. Δωδεκάθεον), Ἑρμῆς (Hermes) is one of the most important deities of all Hellenismos, a god most high. He is the son of Ζefs (Zeus; Gr. Ζεύς) and Maia (Gr. Μαῖα), the daughter of Atlas (Gr. Ἄτλας). Ἑρμῆς the Messenger, is the herald of Ζεύς. He is the great friend of mankind. His domain includes commerce, travel and roads, language-writing and persuasion, gymnastic games. He is a god of shepherds. Ἑρμῆς the protector of slaves as well he who frees from slavery. He is known as Argeiphontes (Gr. Ἀργειφόντης), the slayer of the giant Argos Panoptis (Gr. Ἄργος Πανόπτης). Ἑρμῆς Psychopompos (Gr. Ἑρμῆς Ψυχοπομπός) guides the souls of the dead.


The Orphic Hymn to Ἑρμῆς
Hermes, draw near, and to my pray'r incline,
Angel of Jove, and Maia's son divine;
Prefect of contests, ruler of mankind,
With heart almighty, and a prudent mind.
Celestial messenger, of various skill,
Whose pow'rful arts could watchful Argus kill:
With winged feet, 'tis thine thro' air to course,
O friend of man, and prophet of discourse:
Great life-supporter, to rejoice is thine,
In arts gymnastic, and in fraud divine:
With pow'r endu'd all language to explain,
Of care the loos'ner, and the source of gain.
Whose hand contains of blameless peace the rod,
Corucian, blessed, profitable God;
Of various speech, whose aid in works we find,
And in necessities to mortals kind:
Dire weapon of the tongue, which men revere,
Be present, Hermes, and thy suppliant hear;
Assist my works, conclude my life with peace,
Give graceful speech, and me memory's increase.


The poem refers to Ἑρμῆς saying at line 14 "Corucian, blessed, profitable God." Corucian refers to Korykos (Corycus; Gr. Κώρυκος), an ancient city in Anatolia (Gr. Ἀνατολή), the Southern promontory of the Erythraean peninsula opposite Khios (Chios; Gr. Χίος), with a rich history. It is now the town known as Kizkalesi in Turkey. There is a cave near this place, the Korykian (Corycian or Cilician) Cave which was the dwelling-place of Typhon (Gr. Τυφῶν) and Echidna (Gr. Ἔχιδνα). Pan (Gr. Πᾶν) and Ἑρμῆς were worshiped in this cave, and there was also a temple dedicated to Ζεύς Κωρυκιός.


Iconography:
Ἑρμῆς appears in iconography either as a resplendent beardless youth or as a bearded mature male figure. He holds the kerykeion (Gr. Κηρύκειον; Roman: Caduceus), the herald's staff which is the sceptre of Phanes and a symbol of Ζεύς. On his head is often found a winged traveler's cap and he wears winged shoes as well. Ἑρμῆς' attire is a simple chlamys (Gr. χλαμύς), a rectangular cloak pinned over the right shoulder; sometimes he is depicted naked. Perhaps the most familiar image of Ἑρμῆς is that of the magnificent naked God, running, with his winged cap and sandals, as though he is rushing off with a message from Ζεύς.

Epithets:

Enodios - (Enodius; Gr. Ἐνόδιος, ΕΝΟΔΙΟΣ) epith. of divinities, who had their statues by the way-side or at cross-roads, most freq. of Hecate, εἰνοδίας Ἑκάτης S.Fr.535.2; also of Persephone, ἐνοδία θεός Id.Ant.1199; εἰνοδία θυγάτηρ ΔάματροςE.Ion 1048; δαίμων ἐνοδία IG14.1390; and Ἐνοδία alone, Hp.Morb.Sacr. 1, E.Hel.570, AP6.199 (Antiphil.), IGIl.cc.; ἡ Ἐνόδιος Paus. l. c., v.l. in Hp.l.c.; also of Hermes, Theoc.25.4, etc. (L&S p. 571, left column)

Ærivoas - (Erivoas or Eriboas;Gr. Ἐριβόας, ΕΡΙΒΟΑΣ) loud-shouting, of Bacchus, Pi.Fr.75.10 ; of Ærmis, AP15.27.5 (Besant.). (L&S p.687, right column; within the entry starting with ἐρι-αύχην)

Charidotis - See Kharithohtis.

Enodios - See Ænothios.

Eriboas - See Ærivoas.

Erivoas - See Ærivoas.

Kharithohtis - (Charidotis; Greek: Χᾰρῐδώτης, ΧΑΡΙΔΩΤΗΣ) epithet of Ἑρμῆς, joy-giver. (L&S p. 1978, left column [1] )

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Ἑρμῆς rules the Tenth Orphic Ikos (Oikos; Gr. οἶκος. English: house) in the month of Karkinos (Cancer; Gr. Καρκίνος) from June 21 through July 20, and his dominion is the Natural Law of Movement in the Divine World. The Divine Consort of Ἑρμῆς is the Goddess Athini (Athena; Gr. Ἀθηνᾶ). They are called the youngest of the Dodecatheon (Dodecatheon = the Olympian Gods; Gr. Δωδεκάθεον) . Athini and Ærmis are the great cultivators of the soul. Metaphorically, Ærmis is the plow which Athini is guiding. The Orphic Hymns indicate the offering of frankincense to Ærmis.

"...Apollo (ed. Apollohn; Gr. Ἀπόλλων), son of Leto (ed. Litoh; Gr. Λητώ), swore to be fellow and friend to Hermes (ed. Ærmis), vowing that he would love no other among the immortals, neither God nor man sprung from Zeus (ed. Zefs; Gr. Ζεύς), better than Hermes: and the Father sent forth an eagle in confirmation. And Apollo sware also: 'Verily I will make you only to be an omen for the Immortals and all alike, trusted and honoured by my heart. Moreover, I will give you a splendid staff of riches and wealth: it is of gold, with three branches, and will keep you scatheless, accomplishing every task, whether of words or deeds that are good, which I claim to know through the utterance of Zeus....

...So he spake. And from heaven father Zeus himself gave confirmation to his words, and commanded that glorious Hermes should be lord over all birds of omen and grim-eyed lions, and boars with gleaming tusks, and over dogs and all flocks that the wide earth nourishes, and over all sheep; also that he only should be the appointed messenger to Hades (ed. Aithis; Gr. Ἅιδης), who, though he takes no gift, shall give him no mean prize.

Thus the Lord Apollo showed his kindness for the Son of Maia (Gr. Μαῖα) by all manner of friendship: and the Son of Cronus (Gr. Κρόνος) gave him grace besides. He consorts with all mortals and immortals: a little he profits, but continually throughout the dark night he cozens the tribes of mortal men."


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